The 2024 Elections to the Austrian National Council: Huge Shifts, but also a New Era?

The 2024 Elections to the Austrian National Council: Huge Shifts, but also a New Era?

Anna GAMPER

On 29 September 2024, elections to the National Council took place in Austria. The National Council is the first chamber of the Austrian Federal Parliament, whose 183 seats are elected by the federal citizens according to the principles of equal, direct, personal, secret and free suffrage…

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Constitutional Repair in Poland: The Venice Commission’s Opinion on the Draft Law Amending the Law on the National Council of the Judiciary

Constitutional Repair in Poland:  The Venice Commission’s Opinion on the Draft Law Amending  the Law on the National Council of the Judiciary

Francesco BIAGI

The Venice Commission is often involved in transition processes. During the Nineties, this body played an important role in assisting Central and Eastern European countries in the democratization processes following the collapse of the Communist regime…

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Metamorphosis of Equality Code: Indian Supreme Court Upholds Caste Sub-Classification

Metamorphosis of Equality Code: Indian Supreme Court Upholds Caste Sub-Classification

Sarthak GUPTA

On August 1, 2024, a seven-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India delivered a landmark judgment in the case of State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh, fundamentally altering the legal landscape concerning the reservation policies (a caste-based affirmative action system) for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India...

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The Republican Commitment Contract for Associations in France: Further Restrictions on Freedom of Association

The Republican Commitment Contract for Associations in France: Further Restrictions on Freedom of Association

Vanessa BARBÉ

The right to freedom of association is a major fundamental right in France since a landmark decision of the Constitutional Court in 1971. In this decision, the Court held not only that freedom of association was a constitutional right, but also that the Constitutional Court could overrule an Act of Parliament...

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