Metamorphosis of Equality Code: Indian Supreme Court Upholds Caste Sub-Classification

Metamorphosis of Equality Code: Indian Supreme Court Upholds Caste Sub-Classification

Sarthak GUPTA

On August 1, 2024, a seven-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India delivered a landmark judgment in the case of State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh, fundamentally altering the legal landscape concerning the reservation policies (a caste-based affirmative action system) for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India...

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The Republican Commitment Contract for Associations in France: Further Restrictions on Freedom of Association

The Republican Commitment Contract for Associations in France: Further Restrictions on Freedom of Association

Vanessa BARBÉ

The right to freedom of association is a major fundamental right in France since a landmark decision of the Constitutional Court in 1971. In this decision, the Court held not only that freedom of association was a constitutional right, but also that the Constitutional Court could overrule an Act of Parliament...

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The Polish paradox: Freedom of association as the supreme value even at the expense of adequate supervision

The Polish paradox: Freedom of association as the supreme value even at the expense of adequate supervision

Filip CYUNCZYK

When in 2014, the District Court in Białystok dismissed the prosecutor's application to outlaw the association of the local football club's fans, in its ruling, it not only emphasised the fundamental value of associations in a democratic state...

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A Call for Codifying Institutional and Procedural Norms in the Constitutional Process in Israel

A Call for Codifying Institutional and Procedural Norms in the Constitutional Process in Israel

Gonen ILAN

The ruling in the Movement for Quality Government case, which for the first time declared the annulment of a Basic Law, highlighted the importance of enshrining procedural constitutional norms within the "rules of the game" through the enactment of a Basic Law: Legislation. In short, Israel does not have a comprehensive, unified written constitution...

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Mexico’s constitutional democracy in crisis: the judicial overhaul is only the beginning

Mexico’s constitutional democracy in crisis: the judicial overhaul is only the beginning

Mariana VELASCO-RIVERA, Jaime OLAIZ & Irene PARRA PRIETO

The final act of Mexican President López Obrador will be in collaboration with the president-elect Claudia Sheinbaum and the newly elected Congress, after the landslide victory of MORENA’s coalition last June. The lame-duck President seems as powerful as ever...

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The South African Constitutional Court’s Developing Conceptualisations of Freedom of Association

The South African Constitutional Court’s Developing Conceptualisations of Freedom of Association

Sahara NANKAN

Section 18 of the South African Constitution states that, ‘everyone has a right to freedom of association’ . Over the past 28 years the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court of South Africa has sought to give meaning to this textually broad right...

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